Question
All transition elements are d-block elements, but all d-block elements are not transition elements. Explain.
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Answer
There are general characteristic properties of transition elements which can only exhibit if they have partially filled d-orbitals. These properties are:
- Variable oxidation states: Due to relatively low reactivity of umpaired d-orbital electrons, transition elements can exihibit two or more oxidation states.
- Formation of coloured compounds: Due to partially filled d-orbitals they can undergo d-d electronic transitions which results into formation of coloured compounds.
- Paramagnetism: Due to unpaired d-orbital electrons, the compounds of transition metals are generally found paramagnetic.
But there are few d-block elements which have fully filled d-orbital for example zinc, cadmium and mercury which cannot exhibit these properties. Thus they are not considered as transition elements.
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