Question
Answer the following.
Write a reaction to bring about the following conversions: Aniline into p-nitroaniline
Write a reaction to bring about the following conversions: Aniline into p-nitroaniline
✓
Answer
Nitration: Direct nitration of aniline yields (p-nitroaniline) a mixture of ortho, meta, and para nitroanilines. In an acidic medium the $- NH _2$ group is protonated to the $- N ^{+} H _3$ पgroup which is meta-directing and deactivating. Hence, a considerable amount of m-nitroaniline is obtained.
Preparation of p-nitroaniline: However, to get p-nitroaniline as a major product, the $–NH_2$ group is first protected by acetylation and then nitration is carried followed by hydrolysis amide.
Preparation of p-nitroaniline: However, to get p-nitroaniline as a major product, the $–NH_2$ group is first protected by acetylation and then nitration is carried followed by hydrolysis amide.
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