Question
Aryl halides are extremely less reactive towards nucleophilic substitution. Predict and explain the order of reactivity of the following compounds towards nucleophilic substitution:
✓
Answer
After the attachment of the nucleophile at the carbon carrying $-\ce{Cl},$ the intermediate compound is stabilised due to resonance. Due to electron withdrawing nature of $-\ce{NO_2},$ the nucleophile is easily attached to the benzene ring. Greater the number of $-\ce{NO_2}$ groups in the molecule, greater will be the ease with which the nucleophile will be attached. Hence, the order of reactivity is $\ce{III > II > I}.$
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