Let us consider the L.H.S of the given equation.
Let $\begin{vmatrix}1&\text{a}&\text{a}^2\\\text{a}^2&1&\text{a}\\\text{a}&\text{a}^2&1\end{vmatrix}$
Applying $C_1 → C_1 + C_2 + C_3,$ we have,
$=\begin{vmatrix}1+\text{a}+\text{a}^2&\text{a}&\text{a}^2\\1+\text{a}+\text{a}^2&1&\text{a}\\1+\text{a}+\text{a}^2&\text{a}^2&1\end{vmatrix}$
Taking term ($1 + a + a_2$) common, we have,
$=(1+\text{a}+\text{a}^2)\begin{vmatrix}1&\text{a}&\text{a}^2\\1&1&\text{a}\\1&\text{a}^2&1\end{vmatrix}$
Applying $R_2 → R_2 - R_1$ and $R_3 → R_3 - R_1$, we have,
$=(1+\text{a}+\text{a}^2)\begin{vmatrix}1&\text{a}&\text{a}^2\\0&1-\text{a}&\text{a}(1-\text{a})\\0&-\text{a}(1-\text{a})&(1-\text{a})(1+\text{a})\end{vmatrix}$
Taking the term (1 - a) common from $R_2$ and $R_3$, we have,
$=(1+\text{a}+\text{a}^2)(1-\text{a}^2)\begin{vmatrix}1&\text{a}&\text{a}^2\\0&1&\text{a}\\0&-\text{a}&(1+\text{a})\end{vmatrix}$
$=(1+\text{a}+\text{a}^2)(1-\text{a}^2)(1+\text{a}+\text{a}^2)$
$=(1+\text{a}+\text{a}^2)(1-\text{a}^2)$
$=\big[(1+\text{a}+\text{a}^2)(1-\text{a}^2)\big]^2$
$=\big[(\text{a}^3-1)\big]^2$
$=\text{R.H.S}$
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