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Enhancement of Food Production — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYEnhancement of Food Production5 Marks
Question
Callus culture.
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Answer

  1. In callus culture, nutrient medium is solidified using agar-agar is used.
  2. Shaker or agitator is not required.
  3. Sterilized explant is placed on solid nutritive medium.
  4. The cells of explants absorb nutrients and start multiplying.
  5. This results in the formation of callus.
  6. Callus is a mass of undifferentiated cells, formed by division of the cells of explants.
  7. Growth hormones, auxins and cytokinins are provided to callus in specific proportion to induce formation of organs.
  8. If auxins are in more quantity, roots are formed (rhizogenesis) and if the cytokinins are in more quantity, shoot formation takes place (caulogenesis).
  9. Thus new plantlets are formed.
  10. Callus culture required subculturing to ensure its continuous growth.

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