Question
Define and explain the term internal energy.
✓
Answer
Internal energy : It is defined as the total energy constituting potential energy and kinetic energy of the molecules present in the system.
Explanation :
Explanation :
- The internal energy of a system is a state function and thermodynamic function. It is denoted by U.
- Its value depends on the state of a system.
- The change in internal energy (Δ U) depends only on the initial state and the final state of the system.
$\Delta U=U_2-U_1$ - It is an extensive property of the system.
- It has same unit as heat and work.
- Total internal energy U of the system is,
Total energy = Potential energy + Kinetic energy
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