Question
Define ‘Antibiotic’.

Answer

  • Carbon compounds obtained from some bacteria and fungi for destroying or preventing the growth of harmful micro -organisms are called antibiotics.
  • Antibiotics, a discovery of the 20th century, have brought a revolution in the field of medicine.
  • Antibiotics mainly act against bacteria. Some antibiotics can destroy protozoa.
  • Some antibiotics are useful against a wide variety of bacteria they are called broad-spectrum antibiotics. Examples – Ampicillin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, etc.
  • When the pathogen cannot be identified even though the symptoms of the disease are visible, broad-spectrum antibiotics are used.

  • Whenever a pathogenic micro-organism is definitely known, then narrow-spectrum antibiotics are used. Examples: Penicillin, gentamycin, erythromycin, etc.

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