Question
Define differentiation? Also give details about how can you distinguish between dedifferentiation and redifferentiation?
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Answer
The cells which are derived from root apical meristem and shoot and other meristems undergo certain changes to attain maturity to perform specific functions. This process which leads to maturation of cells is termed as differentiation. During this, the cells undergo a few major structural changes both in their cell walls and protoplasm to perform some specific functions throughout their life.
- In plants, some living differentiated cells, e.g., parenchyma can regain the capacity to divide mitotically under certain conditions. A dedifferentiated tissue can act as meristem, e.g., interfascicular vascular cambium, cork cambium and wound meristem.
- The product of dedifferentiated cells or tissues which lose the ability to divide is called redifferentiated cells and the term is known as redifferentiation. Secondary xylem and secondary phloem from interfascicular vascular cambium, secondary cortex and cork are the examples of redifferentiated tissues.
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