Question
Describe different types of joints in the human skeleton.
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Answer
Joints have been classified into three major structural forms, namely, fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial:
- Fibrous Joints: Fibrous joints do not allow any movement. This type of joint is shown by the flat skull bones which fuse end-to-end with the help of dense fibrous connective tissues in the form of sutures, to form the cranium.
- Cartilaginous Joints: In cartilaginous joints, the bones involved are joined together with the help of cartilages. The joint between the adjacent vertebrae in the vertebral column is of this pattern and it permits limited movements.
- Synovial Joints: Synovial joints are characterised by the presence of a fluid filled synovial cavity between the articulating surfaces of the two bones. Such an arrangement allows considerable movement. These joints help in locomotion and many other movements.
- Ball and socket joint (between humerus and pectoral girdle).
- Hinge joint (knee joint).
- Pivot joint between atlas and axis).
- Gliding joint (between the carpals).
- Saddle joint (between carpal and metacarpal of thumb).
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