Indian Economy — Economics STD 11 Commerce — Question
Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 CommerceEconomicsIndian Economy3 Marks
Question
Describe the basic utilities of India.
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Answer
Improvement in basic $($primary$)$ utilities:
Indian has shown significant improvement in providing various utilities in the urban as well as in the rural areas. These are discussed below.
$(a)$ Irrigation:
In $1950-51$, only $22.6$ million $(m)$ hectare of land across India used to get irrigation facility. This increased to $63 m$ hectares i.e. $45\%$ of total agricultural land by $2012-13$.$(b)$ Literacy:
In 1950s there were $20$ universities and $500$ colleges. This increased to $719$ universities and $35,000$ colleges by $2013-14 $ This indicates that higher education increased considerably in India.
In $1951$, India’s literacy rate was $18.33\%$. This increased to $73\%$ in $2011 ($Source: Economic Survey, $2013-14)$.
$(c)$ Electricity:
In $1950-51$, India used to generate around $2300 MW$ electricity. This increased to $2,43,000 MW$ in $2011-12.$
$(d)$ Road network:
Today, India falls among the list of countries with longest road network.
$-»$ India has approximately $48.6$ lakh $\ km$. of concrete roads today.
$(e)$ Railway:
Today, Indian railway network is the fourth largest in the world with a length of $65,000 \ km.$
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