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Ecosystems — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYEcosystems5 Marks
Question
Describe the components of an ecosystem.
✓

Answer

The components of an ecosystem can be divided into two categories: biotic and abiotic.
  1. Biotic components:
  1. Producers- Green plants which can synthesize their own food.
  2. Consumers- They do not synthesize their food. They may be,
  • Primary consumer/ herbivores - consuming plants as food.
  • Secondary and tertiary consumers or carnivores- They feed on either herbivores or carnivores.
  1. Decomposers- These organisms breakdown the dead bodies or waste products of plants and animals into simpler inorganic compounds.
  1. Abiotic components:
  1. Climatic components.
  • Light
  • Temperature
  • Wind
  • Atmospheric gases
  • Rain
  • Atmospheric humidity
  1. Soil factors
  • Organic materials
  • Minerals
  • Soil, water
  • Soil air
  1. Topographic factors
  • Altitude
  • Direction and steepness slope

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