Describe the symptoms of ascariasis.

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Answer

After infection by Ascaris lumbricoides, there is appearance of eggs in stools in 60 – 70 days.
In larval ascariasis, symptoms are seen in 4-16 days after infection.
The final symptoms are gastrointestinal discomfort, colic and vomiting, fever and appearance of live worms in faeces.
Some patients may have pulmonary symptoms. Inflammation of alveolar walls is seen. This is known as pneumonitis.
Some may show neurological disorders during migration of the larvae.
Loss of appetite which reflects in weight loss.
A bolus of worms may obstruct the intestine.
Larvae that migrate may also cause eosinophilia, i.e. increase in number of eosinophils.

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(a) What is polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?
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Column I (Phenomena)	Column II (Effect)
(1) Eutrophication	(a) Soil erosion
(2) Biomagnification	(b) Prevention of extinction
(3) Conservation	(c) Accumulation of non-biodegradable substance
(4) Deforestation	(d) Death of aquatic ecosystem