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Evolution — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYEvolution3 Marks
Question
  1. Differentiate between analogous and homologous structures.
  2. Select and write analogous structures from the list given below:
  1. Wings of butterfly and birds.
  2. Vertebrate hearts.
  3. Tendrils of bougainvillea and cucurbita.
  4. Tubers of sweet potato and potato.
✓

Answer

  1.  
 
Analogous Organs
Homologous Organs
i.
Those organs which are structurally dissimilar but functionally similar are called analogous organs.
Those organs, which are structurally similar but functional dissimilar are called homologous organs.
ii.
They lead to convergent evolution.
They lead to divergent evolution.
iii.
Eg. Wings of birds and insects.
Eg. Forelimbs of terrestrial vertebrates such as frog, lizard, bird, bat, horse, man.
  1. Following are the analogous structure from the given list:
  1. Wings of butterfly and birds.
  2. Tubers of sweet potato and potato.

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