Question
Differentiate w.r.t. x the function in Exercise:
$\text{x}^\text{x}+\text{x}^\text{a}+\text{a}^\text{x}+\text{a}^\text{a},$  for some fixed a > 0 and x > 0

Answer

Let $\text{y}=\text{x}^\text{x}+\text{x}^\text{a}+\text{a}^\text{x}+\text{a}^\text{a}$

Also, let xx = u, xa = v, ax = w, and aa = s

$\therefore\ $ y = u + v + w + s

$\Rightarrow\ \frac{\text{dy}}{\text{dx}}=\frac{\text{du}}{\text{dx}}+\frac{\text{dv}}{\text{dx}}+\frac{\text{dw}}{\text{dx}}+\frac{\text{ds}}{\text{dx}}$

U = xx

$\Rightarrow\ \log\text{u}=\log\text{x}^\text{x}$

$\Rightarrow\ \log\text{u}=\text{x}\log\text{x}$

Differentiating both sides with respect to x, we obtain

$\frac{1}{\text{u}}\frac{\text{du}}{\text{dx}}=\log\text{x}.\frac{\text{d}}{\text{dx}}(\text{x)}+\text{x}.\frac{\text{d}}{\text{dx}}(\log\text{x})$

$\Rightarrow\ \frac{\text{du}}{\text{dx}}=\text{u}\Big[\log\text{x}.1+\text{x}.\frac{1}{\text{x}}\Big]$

V = xa

$\therefore\ \frac{\text{dv}}{\text{dx}}=\frac{\text{d}}{\text{dx}}(\text{x}^\text{a})$

$\Rightarrow\ \frac{\text{dv}}{\text{dx}}=\text{ax}^{\text{a}-1}\ \dots(3)$

W = ax

$\Rightarrow\ \log\text{w}=\log\text{a}^\text{x}$

$\Rightarrow\ \log\text{w}=\text{x}\log\text{a}$

Differentiating both sides with respect to x, we obtain

$\Rightarrow\ \frac{\text{dw}}{\text{dx}}=\text{w}\log\text{a}$

$\Rightarrow\ \frac{\text{dw}}{\text{dx}}=\text{a}^\text{x}\log\text{a}\ \dots(4)$

S = aa

Since a is constant, aa is also a constant.

$\therefore\ \frac{\text{ds}}{\text{dx}}=0\ \dots(5)$

From (1), (2), (3), (4), and (5), we obtain

$\frac{\text{dy}}{\text{dx}}=\text{x}^\text{x}(1+\log\text{x})+\text{ax}^{\text{a}-1}+\text{a}^\text{x}\log\text{a}+0$ 

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