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Paths to Modernization — History STD 11 Humanities — Question

CBSE BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 HumanitiesHistoryPaths to Modernization8 Marks
Question
Discuss the achievements of Deng Xiaoping.
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Answer

After the death of Mao in China, the struggle for power broke out in which Deng Xiaoping emerged victorious. During the cultural revolution, he was dismissed from the office of the Secretary General of the party for having too liberal views.
His achievements may be summed up in the following ways:
  1. All the changes made during the Cultural Revolution were reversed.
  2. The democratically elected parties took the place of revolutionary committees.
  3. Confiscated property was restored to the descendants of the actual owners. 4. The people were granted religious freedom and intellectuals were free to express their views.
  4. In the economic sector, Deng and his follower Hu Yaobang took various steps to encourage investment by the western entrepreneurs for the modernisation of industries, agriculture, science and technology in China.
  5. In 1980, China also became the member of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
  6. Many agricultural reforms were also introduced.
  7. The state owned collective forms were given more powers in the matters of administration and planning.
  8. The practice of giving bonus and dividend was encouraged.
Taxes were reduced to encourage production. As a result of these reforms, there was a gradual increase in food production and the per capita income.

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