Development and Democracy — Political Science STD 12 Arts — Question
Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ArtsPolitical ScienceDevelopment and Democracy5 Marks
Question
Discuss the various agencies for development in India.
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Answer
Mahatma Gandhi emphasized the decentralization of power and the empowerment of the lower castes, which led to the establishment of the Panchayati Raj in 1957 on the recommendation of the Balwantrai Mehta Committee appointed by the Government of India.
In 1978, the Government of India formed another sub-committee to evaluate the implementation of Panchayati Raj.
According to the report of this committee, the district should be the first point for decentralization of power at the state level for the development works of the nation.
In view of this recommendation, the government gave importance to the district.
The importance of District Development Agency is important for the following reasons.
The district is a unit of local drama.
It is so extensive it can act as a planning unit.
For historical reasons and the files and records of various departments are at the district level.
As the district administration people are aware, the planning and development work can also be done properly by the district.
The District Development Agency has to perform the following various functions.
Defining local area requirements and industries.
E.g. creating employment, creating a proposed sequence of natural and human development in the district.
To formulate and implement the plan at the district level.
To review and inspect district plans, programs.
Its constant assessment, review and constant monitoring.
In order to make the District Development Agency dynamic, District Panchayats, Taluka Panchayats, Nagar and Municipal Corporations, MLAs and MPs of the area, representatives of trade unions, entrepreneurs and representatives of banks have been included in this agency.
The District Development Agency is currently doing significant work in the form of District Secretariat or Seva Sadan.
In order for the District Development Agency to carry out its work properly, the members of the Panchayat Taluka Panchayat Municipalities and Municipal Corporations, District Legislative Assembly and Member of Parliament Workers' Representative Board and representatives of banks are included in the agency.
In 1991, under the leadership of Indian Prime Minister Narasimha Rao, the Panchayati Raj was further equipped by amending the Constitution.
Under which the 73rd amendment to the constitution gave constitutional status to Panchayati Raj and the 74th amendment gave constitutional status to municipalities and corporations.
Under this constitution, he regularly clarified his election, monetary policy and actions.
This will make the development work of the districts more intimate, true and efficient.
Provision has been made to reserve the posts of Sarpanch, President and Mayor in the local body for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and women.
The main purpose of which is to ensure that the benefits in the development work reach the real masses.
It has the noble purpose of increasing public participation.
When the Policy Commission came in place of the Planning Commission, most of the development work and planning was entrusted to the states under which 42 per cent of the funds would be allocated instead of 33 per cent.
So that targets can be set for development work in the coming years through the annual budget at the local level.
That is why the position and role of the district as the main unit of the state is becoming very important for developmental work.
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