Reproduction in Lower and Higher Animals — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Genomic library and c-DNA library.

Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:
A typical angiospermic ovule is a small structure attached to the placenta by means of a stalk called funicle. The body of the ovule fuses with funicle in the region called hilum. Each ovule has one or two protective envelopes called integuments. Integuments encircle the nucellus except at the tip where a small opening called the micropyle is formed. Mature ovules are classified on the basis of funiculus. It can be orthotropous, anadromous, hernitropous, campylotropous, etc.

1. The body of the ovule consists of a mass of parenchymatous cells called:

1. Integuments.
2. Nucellus.
3. Hilum.
4. Funiculus.

2. Refer to the given figure and select the correct statement regarding it.

1. This type of ovule is found in cactus.
2. The micropyle comes to lie close to the funiculus due to unilateral growth of ovule.
3. It is most common type of ovule found in the members of Chenopodiaceae.
4. It is half inverted ovule.

3. Identify the parts labelled as A, B, C and D in the given figure and select the correct option.

S. No	A	B	C	D
(a)	Chalaza	Female gametophyte	Embryo sac	Micropyle
(b)	Chalaza	NuceIIus	Embryo sac	Micropyle
(c)	Micropyle	Egg	Embryo sac	Chalaza
(d)	Micropyle	Nucellus	Embryo sac	Chalaza

4. Mature ovules are classified on the basis of funiculus. If micropyle lie close to the funiculus, the ovule is termed as:

1. Orthotropous.
2. Anatropous.
3. Hemitropous.
4. Campylotropous.

5. In Asphodel us, ovule is:

1. Unitegmic.
2. Tritegmic.
3. Bitegmic.
4. Ategmic.

Distinguish between: Primary sex organs and Secondary sex organs.

Eurythermal and stenothermal.

Germ line gene therapy and somatic cell gene therapy.

Distinguish between : Epithalamus and hypothalamus.

Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:
According to Mendel, one gene control the expression of one character only. The ability of a gene to have multiple phenotypic effect because it influences a number of characters is an exception. The gene having a multiple phenotypic effect because of its ability to control of two or more characters can be seen in cotton. In cotton, a gene for the lint also influences the height of plant, size of the ball, number of ovules and viability of seeds.

1. Genes with multiple phenotypic effects are known as?

1. Hydrostatic genes.
2. Duplicate genes.
3. Pleiotropic genes.
4. Complimentary genes.

2. Which of the following disorder is an example of genes with multiple phenotypic effects?

1. Phenylketonuria.
2. Haemophilia.
3. Sickle cell anaemia.
4. Both (a) and (c)

3. Which of the following is an example of gene with multiple phenotypic effect?

1. Drosophila white eye mutation.
2. Kernel colour in wheat.
3. Height in human beings.
4. Skin colour in human beings.

4. Which of the following statements is not correct regarding genes with multiple phenotypic effect?

1. It is not essential that all the traits are equally influenced.
2. Occasionally a number of related changes are caused by a gene.
3. It occurs due to effect of the gene on two or more inter-related metabolic pathways.
4. None of these.

5. Assertion: ln garden pea, the gene which controls the flower colour also controls the colour of the seed coat and presence of red spots in the leaf axils.

Reason: A pleiotropic gene influences more than one trait.

1. Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
2. Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
3. Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. Both assertion and reason are false.

Distinguish Between: Homozygous and Heterozygous.