Question
Distinguish between isothermal process and adiabatic process.
✓
Answer
| No | Isothermal process | Adiabatic process |
| 1. | The temperature of system remains constant (ΔT = 0). | The temperature of system changes i.e. increases or decreases (ΔT ≠0). |
| 2. | System can exchange heat with the surroundings (q ≠ 0). | System cannot exchange heat with the surroundings (q = 0). |
| 3. | The internal energy of the system remains constant (ΔU = 0). | The internal energy of the system changes (ΔU ≠ 0). |
| 4. | System is not thermally isolated from its surroundings. Hence, open or closed system is required. | System is thermally isolated from its surroundings. Hence, isolated system is required. |
| 5. | In this ΔU = 0, hence q = -W. | In this q = 0, hence ΔU = W. |
| 6. | Enthalpy remains constant (ΔH = 0). | Enthalpy changes in this process (ΔH ≠ 0). |
| 7. | Expansion takes place by absorbing heat from surroundings | Expansion takes place by utilizing internal energy of the system |
| 8. | Heat supplied is used only for doing work. | Work done is only at the cost of internal energy. |
| 9. | Compression takes place by losing heat to the surroundings. | Compression takes place by adding heat into internal energy of the system. |
| 10. | Fusion of ice. | Expansion of gas in vacuum. |
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