Question
Draw the circuit diagram of a half-wave rectifier. Hence explain its working.
✓
Answer
Working of half-wave rectifier:
- The given figure shows the circuit of a half-wave rectifier.
Half wave rectifier - The secondary coil AB of a transformer is connected in series with a diode D and the load resistance $R_L$. The AC voltage across the secondary coil AB changes its polarities after every half cycle.
- When the positive half cycle begins, the voltage at point A is at higher potential with respect to that at point B, therefore, the diode (D) is forward biased. It conducts and current flows through the circuit.
- When the negative half cycle begins, the potential at point A is lower with respect to that at point B and the diode is reverse biased, therefore, it does not conduct and no current passes through the circuit.
- Hence, the diode conducts only in the positive half cycles of the AC input. It blocks the current during the negative half-cycles. In this way, current always flows through the load $R_L$ in the same direction for alternate positive half cycles and DC output voltage obtained across $R_L$ in the form of alternate pulses.
- In a half-wave rectifier, the frequency of the ripple in the output is the same as that of the frequency of the input.
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