MCQ
Electrons accelerated from rest by an electrostatic potential are collimated and sent through a Young's double slit experiment. The fringe width is $\omega$. If the accelerating potential is doubled, then the width is now close to ............. $\omega$
  • A
    $0.5$
  • $0.7$
  • C
    $1.0$
  • D
    $2.0$

Answer

Correct option: B.
$0.7$
b
$(b)$ When electrons are accelerated through a potential of $V$ volts, momentum gained by electrons is

$\Delta p =m v=\sqrt{2 m K}$

$=\sqrt{2 m e V}$

where, $K=$ kinetic energy, $m=$ mass of electron, $v=$ velocity of electron and $e=$ charge of electron.

Wavelength $\lambda$ associated with these moving electrons is

$\lambda=\frac{h}{p}=\frac{h}{\sqrt{2 m e V}}$

where, $h$ is the Planck's constant.

Fringe width $\beta$ shown by electrons in Young's double slit experiment, is

$\beta=\frac{\lambda D}{ d }$

where, $D$ is the distance of screen from fringes and $d$ is the separation of slits. $\therefore \quad \beta=\frac{h D}{d \sqrt{2 m e V}}$ $\Rightarrow \beta \propto \frac{1}{\sqrt{V}}$, keeping other parameters constant.

So, ratio of initial and final fringe widths is

$\Rightarrow \frac{\beta_{i}}{\beta_{f}}=\frac{\sqrt{V_{f}}}{\sqrt{V_{i}}}=\frac{\sqrt{2 V_{i}}}{\sqrt{V_{i}}}$

$\Rightarrow \beta_{f}=\frac{\beta_{i}}{\sqrt{2}}=0.7 \beta_{i}$

$\Rightarrow \left.\beta_{f}=0.7(\omega) \quad \text { (given, } \beta_{i}=\omega\right)$

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