Chemical Bonding — Chemistry STD 11 Science — Question
Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceChemistryChemical Bonding4 Marks
Question
Enlist the characteristic features of hybrid orbitals.
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Answer
Characteristic features of hybrid orbitals:
Number of hybrid orbitals formed is exactly the same as the participating atomic orbitals.
They have same energy and shape.
Hybrid orbitals are oriented in space in such a way that there is minimum repulsion and thus are directional in nature.
The hybrid orbitals are different in shape from the participating atomic orbitals, but they bear the characteristics of the atomic orbitals from which they are derived.
Each hybrid orbitals can hold two electrons with opposite spins.
A hybrid orbital has two lobes on the two sides of the nucleus. One lobe is large and the other small.
Covalent bonds formed by hybrid orbitals are stronger than those formed by pure orbitals, because the hybrid orbital has electron density concentrated on the side with a larger lobe and the other is small allowing greater overlap of the orbitals.
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