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Definite Integrals — Maths STD 12 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceMathsDefinite Integrals5 Marks
Question
Evaluate the following integrals as limit of sum:
$\int\limits^3_{1}(2\text{x}+3)\text{dx}$
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Answer

$\int\limits^{\text{b}}_\text{a}\text{f(x)}\text{dx}=\lim\limits_{\text{h}\rightarrow0}\text{h}\Big[\text{f}(\text{a})+\text{f}(\text{a}+\text{h})+\text{f}(\text{a}+2\text{h})\ +\\ ....\ +\text{f}(\text{a}+(\text{n}-1)\text{h})\Big]$
Where, $\text{h}=\frac{\text{b}-\text{a}}{\text{n}}$
Here, $\text{a}=1,\text{ b}=3,\text{ f(x)}=2\text{x}+3,\text{ h}=\frac{3-1}{\text{n}}=\frac{2}{\text{n}}$
Therefore, $\text{I}=\int\limits^3_{1}(2\text{x}+3)\text{dx}$
$=\lim\limits_{\text{h}\rightarrow0}\text{h}\Big[\text{f}(1)+\text{f}(1+\text{h})+\ ....\ +\text{f}\big\{1+(\text{n}-1)\text{h}\}\Big]$
$=\lim\limits_{\text{h}\rightarrow0}\text{h}\Big[(2+3)+(2+2\text{h}+3)+\\\ ....\ +\{2+2(\text{n}-1)\text{h}+3\}\Big]$
$=\lim\limits_{\text{h}\rightarrow0}\text{h}\Big[5\text{n}+2\text{h}\big\{1+2+3+\ ....\ +(\text{n}-1)\big\}\Big]$
$=\lim\limits_{\text{h}\rightarrow0}\text{h}\Big[5\text{n}+2\text{h}\frac{\text{n}(\text{n}-1)}{2}\Big]$
$=\lim\limits_{\text{n}\rightarrow\infty}\frac{2}{\text{n}}\Big[5\text{n}+2\text{n}-2\Big]$
$=\lim\limits_{\text{n}\rightarrow\infty}2\Big({7}-\frac{2}{\text{n}}\Big)$
$=14$

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