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EMERGING ISSUES IN INDIAN ECONOMY — Economics STD 12 Commerce — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 CommerceEconomicsEMERGING ISSUES IN INDIAN ECONOMY5 Marks
Question
Examine India’s Health Related Situation.
✓

Answer

$1.$ Introduction:
  • Health is an important factor in special infrastructure.
  • Education develops individual‘s mental progress.
  • While health develops one's physical abilities.
  • Health related services are directly related to economic development of the nation.
$2.$ Meaning of Health:
  • World Health Organization $(WHO)$ defines health as “Health is just not absence of diseases or physical strength but it is an individual’s physical, mental and social well being.”
$3.$ Importance of Health:
  • National income of any country is directly related to its facilities of health.
  • Efficiency of a labourer is directly related to public health.
  • There is a proverb in English.
  • "Sound Mind in Sound Body".
  • As education provides mental health, health provides wellbeing.
  • With the improvement in health, economic progress done faster.
$(1)$ Along with the improvement in health related facilities, labourers remain healthy which leads to raise in productivity.
  • Due to illness working days are wasted.
  • As a result of good health productivity and production increase which encourages economic development.
$(2)$ Natural resources are better utilized by healthy people.
$(3)$ Through health related services diseases among children are controlled and child death rate is declined remarkably.
$(4)$ Rise in productivity of a labourer increases his income and therefore his standard of living improves.
  • Their life expectancy expands so he can provide productivity for more years.
$(5)$ Raise in income and expanded life expectancy encourage savings and capital investments.
  • Two factors are necessary for good health.
$(1)$ Balanced Diet $(2)$ Good medical treatment.
  • Important criteria of people's health is expectancy of life and child death rate when the standard of health related services improve, improves life expectancy and child death rate falls. $($declines$).$
  • Since $1951$ India is encouraging health related policy.
  • Average life span of an Indian has increased from $32$ years to $63.5$ years in $2011.$
  • In the same way child death rate was $146$ per thousand has decreased to $44$ per thousand in $2012.$
$4.$ Health related situation in India:
  • During planning undoubtedly health services are improved.
  • But in comparison to other countries of the world we are much behind. India is a country consisting of villages.
  • Even today lot of population is residing in the villages.
  • Standard of health services and its quality is very low.
  • Only 1/5th hospitals are situated in rural areas and there is lack of required trained and efficient staff and thereby medical treatment.
  • There is much difference in medical treatment in rural and urban areas e.g. In the rural area there was $0.36$ hospitals against one lakh population while in the urban areas there were $3.6$ hospitals against the population of one lakh.
  • Even today services of expert doctors in various area of specialization such as Peadiatrists, Gynecologists, Anesthetists, Ophthalmologist, $M.D., M.S.$ are not accessible to the people.
  • $E.N.T.$ specialists are not known to the rural people.
  • Compared to the cities the standard of health services in the rural area is low.
  • Owing to orthodox traditions and inadequate medical treatment death rate among pregnant women was remarkable.
  • Healthy child cannot be born to an unhealthy mother.
  • In India due to the lack of nutritional food $50\%$ of females between the age of $15$ to $49$ suffer from iron deficiency which leads to anemia and out of whom $19\%$ die.
  • During the planning it has been noted that expenses after health related services has increased.
  • But though it is much less as compared/ in comparison to other countries of the world. E.g. Indian Government spends $8.2\%$ amount of its total expense after health related services.
  • America spends $20.3\%$ and China spends $12.5\%$ of its gross expenses.
  • Health and development of nation are closely related.
  • More amounts in budget should be allocated to create healthy budget.
  • In the urban area high quality health related services have been accessible due to contribution of private sector.
  • In these circumstances more concentration on rural area is required.
  • Health related services should be expanded in rural areas and it is necessary to create healthy rural society for economic development of the nation.
  • Larger portion of health budget is needed to be allocated to this sector.
  • In short along with urban society rural society will become healthy India.
  • With the spread of health related services poor and middle class people should get the benefit of such services at affordable rates.
  • Government should consider this point sincerely and seriously.

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