Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 9ScienceWhy Do We Fall5 Marks
Question
Explain how $ \text{HIV-AIDS}$ virus affects and damages our body?
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Answer
$ \text{$ \text{HIV}$}$ attaches to these $CD_4$ cells. The virus then infects the cells and uses them as a place to multiply. In doing so, the virus destroys the ability of the infected cells to do their job in the immune system. The body then loses the ability to fight many infections. $ \text{HIV}$ is a unique human $ \text{RNA}$ virus, capable of infecting cells of the immune system. Specifically, $ \text{HIV}$ targets T helper cells $(CD_4$ cells$),$ leading to the eventual death of the cell. $CD_4$ cells are vital players in the regulation of immune responses to invading microorganisms. In an untreated person, $10$ billion to $100$ billion new viruses are produced per day. This massive viral replication leads to a progressive loss of $CD_4$ cells over a period of several years to as long as a decade. And destruction of $CD_4$ cells renders a patient vulnerable to unusual opportunistic infections $($OIs$)$ that are rarely seen in healthy humans. Most patients who die from $ \text{AIDS}$ succumb to one or more infections.
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