According to scientist Alfred Stock, the oxidation number of metals in compounds is written in bracket in Roman numerals, this is known as stock notation. Example : Aurous chloride can be written as $Au ( I ) Cl$ and auric chloride can be written as Au (III) $Cl _3$. Similiarly stannous chloride can be written as Sn (II) $Cl _2$ and stannic chloride can be written as $Sn ( IV ) Cl _4$.
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