Question
Explain the bonding in coordination compounds in terms of Werner’s postulates.
✓
Answer
The main postulates of Werner's theory of coordination compounds are as follows:
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Metals possess two types of valencies called
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Primary valency which are ionisable;
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secondary valency which are non- ionisable
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Primary valency is satisfied by the negative ions and it is that which a metal exhibits in the formation of its simple salts.
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Secondary valencies are satisfied by neutral ligand or negative ligand and are those which metal exercises in the formation of its complex ions. Every cation has a fixed number of secondary valencies which are directed in space about central metal ion in certain fixed directions, e.g,, In $\ce{CoCl3-6NH3},$ valencies between $Co$ and $Cl$ are primary valencies and valencies between $Co$ and $\ce{NH3}$ are secondary. In $\ce{COCl3-6NH3},$ six ammonia molecules linked to $Co$ by secondary valencies are directed to six corners of a regular octahedron and thus account for structure of $\ce{COCl3-6NH3}$ as follows:
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