Question
Explain the concept of co-extinction by taking two examples.

Answer

When a species becomes extinct, the plant and animal species associated with it in an obligatory way also becomes extinct.
Examples:
$\bullet$ When a host (fish) species becomes extinct, the plant and animal species associated with it in an obligatory way also become extinct.
$\bullet$ Coevolved plant-pollinator mutualism where extinction of one leads to the extinction of other (any other example) / The coevolved orchid Ophrys and bee pollinator.

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