Humidity in Atmosphere — Geography STD 11 Arts — Question
Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ArtsGeographyHumidity in Atmosphere3 Marks
Question
Explain the distribution of rain on earth.
✓
Answer
It is estimated that about $22\%$ of the rain that falls on the earth during the year falls on the continents and $18\%$ in the oceans.
The highest rainfall on Earth is in the latitudes of $10$ degrees to $20$ degrees in both hemispheres.
It receives about $150$ to $300 \ cm$ of rainfall during the year.
The Polar Regions and the regions between the latitudes between $25$ degrees and $35$ degrees in both hemispheres have permanent bands of heavy air pressure, so these regions receive very little rainfall.
In the Polar Regions, evaporation does not occur, so the humidity in the air is negligible.
It rains here in the form of snow.
The average rainfall in the equatorial high pressure belt is $80$ to $90 \ cm.$
The deserts of this region receive less than $10 \ cm$ of rainfall.
In the regions between $40$ degrees to $60$ degrees latitude in both hemispheres of the earth
There is more rainfall than the regions on the equatorial high pressure belt.
In India, monsoon winds bring good rainfall to both the east and west coasts.
The humid periodic winds from the Bay of Bengal give the world's highest rainfall in the mountainous regions of northeastern India.
Cherrapunji in the Khasi hills in Meghalaya receives the world's highest rainfall of $1,250 \ cm.$
Twelve months of tropical rain falls in areas up to $5$ degrees latitude in both hemispheres around the equatorial regions.
In the temperate zone, westerly winds in the western coastal regions of the continents give twelve months of rainfall.
Periodic winds cause rain in summer but some areas also get rain in winter.
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