Question
Explain the effect of temperature on spontaneity.
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Answer
SELF
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Express the following in the scientific notation:
- 0.0048
- 234, 000
- 8008
- 500.0
- 6.0012
Enthalpies of formation of CO(g), CO2(g), N2O(g) and N2O4(g) are –110, – 393, 81 and 9.7kJ mol–1 respectively. Find the value of $\Delta\text{rH}$ for the reaction:
→$\text{N}_2\text{O}_4(\text{g}) +3\text{CO} (\text{g})\xrightarrow{ \ \ \ \ \ \ } \text{N}_2\text{O}(\text{g}) + 3\text{CO}_2(\text{g})$
Explain the following:
(a) Aufbau's principle
(b) Hund's law of maximum multiplicity
(c) Stability of half filled and full orbitals.
(a) Aufbau's principle
(b) Hund's law of maximum multiplicity
(c) Stability of half filled and full orbitals.
In terms of period and group where would you locate the element with Z =114?
(i) Calculate the total number of electrons present in one mole of methane.
(ii) Find (a) the total number and (b) the total mass of neutrons in 7 mg of 14C. (Assume that mass of a neutron $=1.675 \times 10^{-27} kg$ )
(iii) Find (a) the total number and (b) the total mass of protons in 34 mg of $NH _3$ at STP.
Will the answer change if the temperature and pressure are changed?
→(ii) Find (a) the total number and (b) the total mass of neutrons in 7 mg of 14C. (Assume that mass of a neutron $=1.675 \times 10^{-27} kg$ )
(iii) Find (a) the total number and (b) the total mass of protons in 34 mg of $NH _3$ at STP.
Will the answer change if the temperature and pressure are changed?
- Show that the circumference of Bohr's orbit for the H-atom is an integral multiple of the de-Broglie wavelength of electron revolving around the orbit.
- Explain that the effect of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle is significant only for motion of microscopic objects and is negligible for that of macroscopic objects. [h = 6.626 × 10-34Js, Mass of electron = 9.1 × 10-31kg].
- State Hund's Rule of maximum multiplicity.
Attempt any five of the following:
i. What is hydrogenation?
ii. Why do the $C - C$ bonds rather than $C - H$ bonds break during cracking of alkanes?
iii. Which conformation of ethane is more stable?
iv. What happens when 2-bromobutane is being treated with KOH (alcoholic)?
v. Identify the structure of A and B;
vi. How will you separate propene from propyne?
vii. Why is t-butyl bromide more reactive towards $S _{ N } 1$ reaction as compared to n-butyl bromide?
→i. What is hydrogenation?
ii. Why do the $C - C$ bonds rather than $C - H$ bonds break during cracking of alkanes?
iii. Which conformation of ethane is more stable?
iv. What happens when 2-bromobutane is being treated with KOH (alcoholic)?
v. Identify the structure of A and B;
vi. How will you separate propene from propyne?
vii. Why is t-butyl bromide more reactive towards $S _{ N } 1$ reaction as compared to n-butyl bromide?
Calculate the pH of a solution formed by mixing equal volumes of two solutions A and B of a strong acid having pH = 6 and pH = 4 respectively.
0.2325g of an organic compound was analysed for nitrogen by Duma's method 0.0317L of moist nitrogen was collected at 25°C and 755.8mm pressure. Calculate the percentage of nitrogen. [Aq. tension of water at 25°C is 23.8mm Hg.)
Calculate the enthalpy change for the process
→$\text{CCI}_4(\text{g})\xrightarrow{ \ \ \ \ \ }\text{C}(\text{g})+4\text{CI}(\text{g})$
and calculate bond enthalpy of C – Cl in CCl4(g).$\Delta_\text{vap}\text{H}^\ominus(\text{CCI}_4)=30.5\text{kJ} \ \text{mol}^{-1}.$
$\Delta_\text{f}\text{H}^\ominus(\text{CCI}_4)=-135.5\text{kJ} \ \text{mol}^{-1}.$
$\Delta_\text{a}\text{H}^\ominus(\text{C})=-715.0\text{kJ} \ \text{mol}^{-1},$ where $\Delta_\text{a}\text{H}^\ominus$ is enthalpy of atomisation
$\Delta_\text{a}\text{H}^\ominus(\text{CI}_2)=242\text{kJ} \ \text{mol}^{-1}$