Explain the following: Gallium has higher ionisation enthalpy tha… - Vidyadip

Question

Explain the following:
Gallium has higher ionisation enthalpy than aluminium.

✓

Answer

Due to ineffective shielding of valence electrons by the intervening 3d electrons, the effective nuclear charge on Ga is slightly higher than that on Al and hence the $\Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{i}}$ of gallium is slightly higher than that of Al. Boron has three electrons in the valence shell. Because of its small size and high sum of the first three ionisation enthalpies $(\text{i.e.,}\triangle).$

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