Explain the formation of covalent bond in chlorine molecule Cl_2. - Vidyadip

Question

Explain the formation of covalent bond in chlorine molecule $\text {Cl}_2.$

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Answer

The atomic number of chlorine is 17 , hence its electronic configuration is represented as,
$\begin{array}{ccc}
\text {K} &\text {L} &\text {M} \\
2 & 8 & 7
\end{array}$
$\rightarrow$ Thus, chlorine has seven electrons in its valence M shell.
$\rightarrow$ It requires one more electron to fill the M shell.
$\rightarrow$ So, two chlorine atoms share their one electron each of M shell to form a molecule of chlorine $\text {Cl}_2.$
$\rightarrow$ As a result, each chlorine atom attains the electronic configuration of the nearest noble gas argon; which has eight electrons in its M shell.
$\rightarrow$ These two valence electrons are depicted by dots or crosses is shown as follows :

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