Organs of Government — Social Science STD 9 — Question
Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 9Social ScienceOrgans of Government4 Marks
Question
Explain the formation of the State Legislature.
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Answer
Only $7$ out of $29$ states have bicameral legislatures and $22$ states have unicameral legislature.
The two Houses of the bicameral legislature are the Vidhan Sabha and the Vidhan Parishad. The states having unicameral legislature have only Vidhan Sabha.
$1$. Formation of the Vidhan Sabha :
The Constitution has fixed the number of members at maximum $500$ and minimum $60$ on the basis of the population of the State.
The area of the State is divided into as many single member constituencies as the number members.
Certain number of seats are reserved for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes.
The members are elected by the eligible voters by secret ballot.
The normal tenure of the Vidhan Sabha is five years. However, it may be dissolved $o1$ suspended earlier by the Governor or the President Its term can be extended one year at a time during the National Emergency by Parliament.
$2.$ Formation of the Vidhan Parishad :
The Constitytion lays down that the total number of the members of the Vidhan Parishad shall not exceed one-third of the total number of the members of the Vidhan Sabha and shall be not less than $40$ The members of the Vidhan Parishad are elected as under
$(1) \frac{1}{3}$ by the members of the Vidhan Sabha
$(2) \frac{1}{3}$ by the members of the local governments
$(3)\frac{1}{12}$ by the registered graduates
$(4)\frac{1}{12}$ by the teachers Remaining a (not more than $12$) members are nominated by the Governor.
The Vidhan Parishad is the ‘Permanent House Its members are elected for a term of $6$ years. $\frac{1}{3}$ members retire after every $2$ years and as many new members are elected.
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