Excretory Products and their Elimination — BIOLOGY STD 11 Science — Question
Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceBIOLOGYExcretory Products and their Elimination3 Marks
Question
Explain the mechanism of urine formation.
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Answer
Glomerular Filtration:
A protein-free fluid is filtered from the blood of glomerular capillaries into the lumen of Bowman's capsule.
About 1200 ml of blood is filtered by the kidneys, per minute.
The glomerular filtration rate is about 125 ml/ minute or 180 litres/ day in a healthy human individual.
Reabsorption:
Nearly 99% of the filtrate is reabsorbed in the renal tubule by the brush-bordered epithelial cells lining the renal tubule.
Certain substances like glucose, amino acids, $\mathrm{Na}^{+}$ions, $\mathrm{Ca}^{+}$ions and $\mathrm{K}^{+}$ ions are reabsorbed actively; nitrogenous wastes are reabsorbed passively and water by osmosis.
Tubular Secretion:
- It is the process in which certain substances/ ions like $\mathrm{K}^{+}$, $\mathrm{H}^{+}$, and ammonia are directly secreted into the lumen of the nephron.
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