Question
Explain the post-transcriptional modifications, the hnRNA undergoes in eukaryotic cells.
✓
Answer
- Since eukaryotes have split gene arrangement, the hRNA has both coding sequences (exons) and non-coding sequences (introns) and is non-functional; so it has to undergo splicing, the process, in which introns are removed and exons are joined.
- It has to undergo two other processes, namely capping and tailing to become functional.
- In capping, an unusual nucleotide, called methyl guanosine triposphate residues are added at the 5' end of hnRNA.
- In-tailing, about 200-300 adenylate residues are added at the 3' end, in a template-independent manner.
- These changes take place in the nucleus of the cell.
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