Question
Explain the principle, construction, and working of an AC generator.
✓
Answer
- An alternating current (AC) generator, consists of a rotating rectangular coil ABCD called armature placed between the two poles of a permanent magnet.
- The two ends of this coil are connected to the two slip rings S1 and S2. The inner sides of these rings are insulated.
- Two conducting stationary brushes B1 and B2 are kept separately on the rings S1 and S2 respectively. The two rings S1 and S2 are internally attached to an axle.
- The axle may be mechanically rotated from outside to rotate the coil inside the magnetic field. Outer ends of the two bushes are connected to the external circuit.
- the coil is rotated, the magnetic flux linked with the coil changes. This change in magnetic flux will lead to generation of induced current.
- The direction of the induced current, as given by Fleming’s Right Hand Rule, is along ABCD in the coil and in the outer circuit it flows from
B2 to B1 - During the second half of rotation, the direction of current is along DCBA in the coil and in the outer circuit it flows from B1 , to B2
- As the rotation of the coil continues, the induced current in the external circuit is changing its direction for every half a rotation of the coil.
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