Question
Explain the reactivity of halogens with metals.
✓
Answer
- All halogens react with metals instantly to give metal halides.
- Down the group reactivity decreases from fluorine to iodine.
- $2 Na _{( s )}+ Cl _{2(1)} \rightarrow 2 NaCl _{( s )}, Mg _{( s )}+ Br _{2( s )} \rightarrow MgBr _{2( s )}$
- Halogens being highly electronegative, the metal-halogen bonds are ionic and ionic character decreases down the group. For example $M - F > M - Cl > M - Br > M - I$.
- The metal halides with higher oxidation state of the metal are more covalent than the halides with lower oxidation state of metal. For example $SnCl _4, PbCl _4, SbCl _5$ and $UF _6$ are more covalent than
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