Answer the following in Brief

Question

Explain the term inductive reactance. State its unit and dimensions.

Vidyadip · Accepted Answer

i. The opposing nature of an inductor to the flow of alternating current is called inductive reactance.
ii. In an inductive circuit,
$
i _0=\frac{ e _0}{\omega L } \text {... }
$
iii. For a resistive ac circuit, according to Ohm's law,
$
i =\frac{ V }{ R } \text {. }
$
where $R =$ resistance in the circuit
iv. Comparing equations (1) and (2), we can conclude that $\omega L$ plays a similar role in an inductive ac circuit as a resistor in a pure resistor circuit.
$v$. Hence, the effective resistance $X_L$ offered by the inductance $L$ is called inductive reactance and is given as,
$
X_L=\omega L=2 \pi f L . \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots .(\because \omega=2 \pi / T=2 \pi f)
$
where $f=$ frequency of the AC supply.
vi. $X_L$ is directly proportional to the inductance $(L)$ and the frequency (f) of the alternating current.
vii. In DC circuits, $f=0$
$
\therefore X _{ L }=0
$
It implies that a pure inductor offers zero resistance to $D C$, i.e., it cannot reduce $D C$.
Thus, it passes DC and blocks AC of very high frequency.
viii. In an inductive circuit, the self-induced emf opposes the growth as well as decay of current.
ix. The dimensions of inductive reactance are $\left[ ML ^2 T ^{-3} I ^{-2}\right]$ and its SI unit is the ohm $(\Omega)$.

Ion	Electron configuration	Magnetic moment (in terms of /$i_B$)
$Fe^3 +$	[Ar] $3s^23p^63d^5$	$5.9$
$Fe^2^+$	[Ar] $3s^23p^63d^6$	$5.4$
$Co^2^+$	[Ar] $3s^23p^63d^7$	$4.8$
$n^{2+}$	[Ar] $3s^23p^63d^8$	$3.2$

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