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life processes — Science STD 10 — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10Sciencelife processes4 Marks
Question
Explain the transport of water in plants.
✓

Answer

 
  • Water conducting channels:
  • Xylem consists of vessels and tracheids, which form continuous water conducting channel.
  • Absorption of water by the roots:
  • The root cells actively take up ions from soil.
  • This creates a difference in the concentration of these ions between the root and the soil.
  • Water, therefore moves into the root from the soil to eliminate this difference.
  • Column of water:
  • To eliminate the concentration difference between the soil and the root, the steady movement of water into root creates column of water.
  • Conduction of water by root pressure:
  • Due to absorption of water by root cells, a pressure is generated to push water in xylem element.
  • This pressure is insufficient to move water over the heights of plants.
  • So, plants use another strategy to move water in xylem upwards to the highest points of the plant body.
  • Conduction of water by transpiration pull:
  • The loss of water in the form of vapour from the aerial parts of the plant is known as transpiration.
  • The water which is lost through the stomata is replaced by water from the xylem vessels in the leaf.
  • Evaporation of water molecules from the cells of a leaf creates a sunction which pulls water from the xylem cells of roots.
  • During the day when the stomata are open, the transpiration pull becomes the major driving force in the movement of water in the xylem.
  • At night effect of root pressure is necessary for the upward flow of water.
  • Thus, transpiration helps in absorption and upward movement of water and minerals dissolved in it from roots to the leaves.
[Movement of water during transpiration in a tree]

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