Question
Explain the variation in (1) ionisation enthalpy and (2) electron gain enthalpy in group 18 elements.
✓
Answer
(1) Ionisation enthalpy :
- In general, group 18 elements have high values of ionisation enthalpy.
- In a period, each noble gas has the highest ionisation enthalpy.
- The noble gases have electronic configuration, $n s^2 n p^6$, they have complete octet with paired electrons and very stable closed-shell electronic configuration. Therefore high energy is required to remove the electron from valence shell.
- Down the group ionisation enthalpy decreases.
- Group 18 elements have electronic configuration $n s^2 n p^6$ and complete octet of electrons, hence they have no tendency to accept electrons.
- Therefore, they have a large positive electron gain enthalpy.
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