Question
Explain the variation in $E _{ M ^{3+} / M ^{2+}}^0 3 d$ series.
✓
Answer
Transition metals in their high oxidation states tend to be oxidising. The standard reduction potential for the $M ^{3+} / M ^{2+}$ half cell gives the relative stability between $M ^{3+}$ and $M ^{2+}$.
The negative values for titanium, vanadium and chromium indicate that the higher oxidation state is preferred.
The high reduction potential of $M ^{3+} / M ^{2+}$ indicates $Mn ^{2+}$ is more stable than $Mn ^{3+}$.
| Reaction | Standard reduction potential (V) |
| $Ti ^{3+}+ e ^{-} \longrightarrow Ti ^{2+}$ | −0.37 |
| $Y ^{3+}+ e ^{-} \longrightarrow V ^{2+}$ | −0.26 |
| $Cr ^{3+}+ e ^{-} \longrightarrow Cr ^{2+}$ | −0.41 |
| $Mn ^{3+}+ e ^{-} \longrightarrow Mn ^{2+}$ | +1.51 |
| $Fe ^{3+}+ e ^{-} \longrightarrow Fe ^{2+}$ | +0.77 |
| $Co ^{3+}+ e ^{-} \longrightarrow Co ^{2+}$ | +1.81 |
The high reduction potential of $M ^{3+} / M ^{2+}$ indicates $Mn ^{2+}$ is more stable than $Mn ^{3+}$.
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