Question
Explain why $\text{CO}^{2-}_3$ ion cannot be represented by a single Lewis structure. How can it be represented?

Answer

A single Lewis structure of $\text{CO}^{2-}_3$ ion cannot explain all the properties of this ion. It can be represented as a resonance hybrid of the following structures

If, it were represented only by one structure, there should be two types of bonds, i.e. $\text{C}=\text{O}$ double bond and $\text{C}-\text{O}$ single bonds but actually all bonds are found to be identical with same bond length and same bond strength.

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