Question
Explain why inspite of nearly the same electronegativity, oxygen forms hydrogen bonding while chlorine does not.
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Answer
Both, nitrogen (N) and chlorine (Cl) have electronegativity of 3.0. However, only
nitrogen is involved in the hydrogen bonds (e.g., NH3) and not chlorine. This is due to smaller atomic size of nitrogen (atomic radius = 70 pm) as compared to chlorine (atomic radius = 99 pm), therefore, N can cause greater polarisation of N-H bond than Cl in case of CI-H bond.Consequently, N atom is involved in hydrogen bonding and not chlorine.
nitrogen is involved in the hydrogen bonds (e.g., NH3) and not chlorine. This is due to smaller atomic size of nitrogen (atomic radius = 70 pm) as compared to chlorine (atomic radius = 99 pm), therefore, N can cause greater polarisation of N-H bond than Cl in case of CI-H bond.Consequently, N atom is involved in hydrogen bonding and not chlorine.
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