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Biotechnology and its Applications — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYBiotechnology and its Applications1 Mark
Question
Explain with the help of one example how genetically modified plants can :
  1. Reduce usage of chemical pesticides.
  2. Enhance nutritional value of food crops.
✓

Answer

  1. Reduce usage of chemical pesticides : Bt toxin is produced by a bacterium called Bacillus thuringiensis $($Bt for short$)$. Bt toxin gene has been cloned from the bacteria and been expressed in plants to provide resistance to insects without the need for insecticides; in effect created a bio $-$ pesticide. Examples are Bt cotton, Bt com, rice, tomato, potato and soyabean etc.
  2. Enhance nutritional value of food crops : Golden rice is the transgenic variety of basmati rice which gives high yield and rich in vitamin $A,$ so it is used in the deficiency of vitamin $-A$ causing night blindness and skin disorder.

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