Question
Find out the structural formulae of various oxyacids of phosphorus.
✓
Answer
| No. | Oxyacids of Phosphorus | Structure |
| i. | Hypophosphorus (Phosphinic) acid $\left( H _3 PO _2\right)$ : Phosphorus atom has +1 oxidation state. One $P - OH$ bond, two $P - H$ bonds, and one $P = O$ bond are present. |  |
| ii. | Orthophosphorus (Phosphonic) acid $\left( H _3 PO _3\right)$ : Phosphorus atom has +3 oxidation state. Two $P - OH$ bonds, one $P - H$ bond and one $P = O$ bond are present. |  |
| iii. | Pyrophosphorus acid $\left( H _4 P _2 O _5\right)$ : Phosphorus atom has +3 oxidation state. Two $P - OH$ bonds, two $P - H$ and two $P = O$ bonds are present. One $P - O - P$ bond is also present. |  |
| iv. | Hypophosphoric acid $\left( H _4 P _2 O _6\right)$ : Phosphorus atom has +4 oxidation state. Four $P - OH$ bonds, two $P = O$ bonds and one $P - P$ bond are present. |  |
| v. | Orthophosphoric acid $\left( H _3 PO _4\right)$ : Phosphorus atom has +5 oxidation state. Three $P - OH$ bonds and one $P = O$ bond are present. |  |
| vi. | Pyrophosphoric acid $\left( H _4 P _2 O _7\right)$ : Phosphorus atom has +5 oxidation state. Four $P - OH$ bonds, two $P = O$ bonds and one $P - O - P$ bond are present. |  |
| vii. | Polymetaphosphoric acid $\left( HPO _3\right)_{ n }$ : Phosphorus atom has +5 oxidation state. For $n=3$, it consists of three $P - OH$ bonds, three $P = O$ bonds and two $P - O - P$ bonds. |  |
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