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Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance — Physics STD 12 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 SciencePhysicsElectrostatic Potential and Capacitance1 Mark
Question
For two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.
  1. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  2. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  3. A is true, but R is false.
  4. A is false, and R is also false.
Assertion (A): Positive charge always moves from a higher potential point to a lower potential point.
Reason (R): Electric potential is a vector quantity.
✓

Answer

  1. A is true, but R is false.
Explanation:

If two points P and Q in an electric field are separated by an infinitesimal distance $\triangle\text{x}$ and have a potential difference $\triangle\text{V}$ between then, $\text{E}=\frac{-\triangle\text{V}}{\triangle\text{x}}.$

Here negative sign implies that $\vec{\text{E}}$ has got a direction opposite to the potential gradient i.e. in the direction of $\vec{\text{E}}$ the potential decreases i.e. positive charge always move from a higher potential point to a lower potential point.

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