Question
Give a test that can be used to differentiate between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Answer

Butter contains saturated fats while cooking oil contains unsaturated fats.
→ Unsaturated compound decolourise the pink colour of alkaline $\text {KMnO} _4$ solution.
→ When butter is treated with a few drops of alkaline $\text {KMnO} _4$ solution, the pink colour of $\text {KMnO} _4$ does not disappear, while, when cooking oil is treated with a few drops of alkaline $\text {KMnO} _4$ solution, its pink colour disappears.

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