Give brief information about an electric charge. OR Write a short note on electric charge.
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Answer
An electric charge is a fundamental and an intrinsic property of a matter, like mass. $\rightarrow$ There are two types of electric charges : (1) positive charge and (2) negative charge. $\rightarrow$ By convention, the charge acquired by a glass rod (rubbed with silk cloth) is called positive charge and the charge acquired by an ebonite rod (rubbed with woollen cloth) is called negative charge. $\rightarrow$ The charge carried by a proton is positive and that carried by an electron is negative, Magnitude (value) of electric charge on a proton and on an electron is same. $\rightarrow$ Further, a body gets positively charged if it loses electrons and negatively charged if it gains electrons. $\rightarrow$ Unlike (i.e., opposite) charges attract each other and like (i.e., similar) charges repel each other. $\rightarrow$ The SI unit of electric charge is the coulomb which is denoted the letter $C$. $\rightarrow$ An electron possesses a negative charge of $1.6 \times 10^{-19} C$ whereas a proton possesses a positive charge of $1.6 \times 10^{-19} C$.
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