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Chemical Bonding - Lonic and Covalent Compounds — Chemistry STD 10 — Question

ICSE BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10ChemistryChemical Bonding - Lonic and Covalent Compounds3 Marks
Question
Give three differences between polar covalent compound HCl and non-polar covalent compound methane.
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Answer

Polar covalent compound (HCI)
(i) The shared pair of electrons is unequally distributed between the hydrogen and chlorine atoms.
(ii) The HCl molecule is asymmetrical and is not electrically neutral.
(iii) The shared pair of electrons between the hydrogen and chlorine atom, stays more towards chlorine, thereby making it slightly negative and the hydrogen atom slightly positive.
Non-polar covalent compound (CH4)
(i) The shared pair of electrons between carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms are equally distributed.
(ii) The CH4 molecule is symmetrical and is electrically neutral.
(iii) The shared pair of electrons between the hydrogen atom and the carbon atom mutually attract each other with the same force. This makes methane atom neutral in character.

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