Question
Give three examples for homogeneous catalysis.
✓
Answer
Decomposition of acetaldehyde by $I _2$ catalyst.
$\underset{\text { Acetaldehyde }}{ CH _3 CHO _{( g )}} \stackrel{ I _{2( g )}^{\longrightarrow}}{\longrightarrow} \underset{\text { Methane }}{ CH _4}+\underset{( g )}{ CO _{( g )} \text { }}$
2. Hydrolysis of cane sugar with mineral acid
$
\underset{\text { Sucrose(1) }}{ C _{12} H _{22} O _{11}}+\underset{\text { }}{ H _2 O _{(1)}} \underset{\text { Glucose }}{\stackrel{ H _2 SO _4( l )}{ C _{12} O _6}}+\underset{\text { Fructose }}{ C _6 H _{12} O _{6(1)}}
$
Sucrose(l) Glucose Fructose
3. Acid hydrolysis of an ester
$
\underset{\text { Ethyl acetate }}{ CH _3 COOC _2 H _{5(1)}}+\underset{\text { }}{ H _2 O _{(1)} \stackrel{ H _2 SO _{4( I )}}{\longrightarrow}} \underset{ CH _3 COOH _{( l )}}{\longrightarrow}+ C _2 H _5 OH _{( l )}
$
Ethyl acetate
$\underset{\text { Acetaldehyde }}{ CH _3 CHO _{( g )}} \stackrel{ I _{2( g )}^{\longrightarrow}}{\longrightarrow} \underset{\text { Methane }}{ CH _4}+\underset{( g )}{ CO _{( g )} \text { }}$
2. Hydrolysis of cane sugar with mineral acid
$
\underset{\text { Sucrose(1) }}{ C _{12} H _{22} O _{11}}+\underset{\text { }}{ H _2 O _{(1)}} \underset{\text { Glucose }}{\stackrel{ H _2 SO _4( l )}{ C _{12} O _6}}+\underset{\text { Fructose }}{ C _6 H _{12} O _{6(1)}}
$
Sucrose(l) Glucose Fructose
3. Acid hydrolysis of an ester
$
\underset{\text { Ethyl acetate }}{ CH _3 COOC _2 H _{5(1)}}+\underset{\text { }}{ H _2 O _{(1)} \stackrel{ H _2 SO _{4( I )}}{\longrightarrow}} \underset{ CH _3 COOH _{( l )}}{\longrightarrow}+ C _2 H _5 OH _{( l )}
$
Ethyl acetate
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