Question
How are genetic disorders broadly classified? Differentiate between them. Explain by giving one example for each.
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Answer
These are disorders or illness caused by one or more abnormlities in the autosomes or sex chromosomes of the person. Thus, referred to as autosomal disorders or sex-linked disorders, respectively.
The generic disorders are divided into:
Differentiate between Mendelian and Chormosomal disorders are:
The generic disorders are divided into:
Differentiate between Mendelian and Chormosomal disorders are:
| S.No. | Mendelian disorders | Chormosomal disorders |
| (i) | The disorders are caused by allelic abnormalities. | The disorders are caused by chromosomal abnormalities |
| (ii) | Allelic abnormalities develop due to mutations. | Chromosomal abnormalities develop due to defective synapsis and disjunction. |
| (iii) | The defect can be predicted through pedigree analysis. | The defect can be known through amniocentesis. |
| (iv) | The disorder is transmitted to the progeny. | The disorder is rarely transmitted. |
| (v) | Examples: Haemophilia, Cystic fibrosis, Colour blindness, Sickle-cell anaemia, Thalassemia, Phenylketonuria, etc. | Examples: Down's syndrome, Turner's syndrome, Klinefelter's syndrome, etc. |
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